Huile de manketti
Nom INCI : Schinziophyton Rautanenii Kernel Oil. Aussi : Huile de mongongo.
Valeurs publiées
| Indice de saponification | 182,98–192,95 mg KOH/g |
| Utilisé par le calculateur | 188,0 mg KOH/g (milieu de plage) |
| Indice pour le NaOH | 0,1340 g/g |
| Indice d’iode | 127,97–129,07 g I₂/100 g |
| INS (SAP − indice d’iode) | 59 |
| Point de fusion | — |
| Matière insaponifiable | 0,7–0,74 % |
Un savon fait à 100 % de huile de manketti
Qualités conventionnelles additionnées à partir des groupes d’acides gras ; un savon à une seule huile est un repère, pas une recette.
Profil d’acides gras
| Acide gras | Plage publiée, % | Utilisé | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acide myristique | C14:0 · saturés | ≤ 0,03 | 0,0 |
| Acide palmitique | C16:0 · saturés | 6,29–9,4 (typique 8,67) | 8,7 |
| Acide palmitoléique | C16:1 | 0,04–0,075 (typique 0,058) | 0,1 |
| Acide stéarique | C18:0 · saturés | 6,13–9,45 (typique 6,65) | 6,7 |
| Acide oléique | C18:1 | 15,26–24,07 (typique 17,64) | 17,6 |
| Acide linoléique | C18:2 | 10,28–40,18 (typique 37,46) | 37,5 |
| Acide α-linolénique | C18:3 n-3 | 0,039–0,046 (typique 0,046) | 0,0 |
| Acide α-éléostéarique | C18:3 conj. | 26,11–46,17 (typique 27,01) | 27,0 |
| Acide arachidique | C20:0 · saturés | 0,16–0,41 (typique 0,19) | 0,2 |
| Acide gadoléique | C20:1 | 0,3–0,78 (typique 0,34) | 0,3 |
D’où viennent ces nombres
Les notes sourcées ci-dessous, ainsi que les titres des documents qu’elles citent, sont conservées dans leur langue d’origine. Une référence traduite ne peut plus être retrouvée, et un résumé technique traduit n’est plus le résumé qui a été vérifié par rapport au document.
Table 1 (fatty-acid composition by extraction method), rows re-paired as explained in notes.
Full text paywalled; the abstract as deposited with Crossref (api.crossref.org/works/10.1007/s11746-017-3004-0) supplies the saponification, iodine, refractive index, density and unsaponifiable figures.
Table 2, S. rautanenii columns (traditional preparation and Soxhlet extraction).
ALPHA-ELEOSTEARIC ACID (the conjugated 9c,11t,13t-18:3 of tung oil) is a quarter to nearly half of this oil. It is filed here under alphaEleostearic; true alpha-linolenic acid is under 0.05 %. (A distributor's data sheet, DLG Naturals, lists 25-30 % 'alpha-linolenic acid' for this oil; it was not used.) Typical values are the screw-pressed oil in Gwatidzo, Botha & McCrindle 2017 (J. Cereals Oilseeds 8(5):33-44): nuts from the Okavango region, Namibia, bought through Namibia's Department of Forestry; the screw press was first run at low pressure to heat it to about 85 C, compared with supercritical CO2 (SFE), Soxhlet/hexane (SE) and mechanical shaking/hexane (MS). Table 1 (the PDF prints each row of values one line below its label; rows re-paired using the paper's saturated/mono/poly sums and the eleostearic figures in its abstract), SPE/SFE/SE/MS: oil yield 39.7/44.8/45.3/27.3 %; 16:0 8.67/8.29/8.74/9.40; 16:1 0.058/0.075/0.053/0.049; 17:0 0.080/0.085/0.082/0.084; 18:0 6.65/6.63/6.78/6.68; 18:1 17.64/19.36/17.54/17.48; 18:2 trans 0.51/0.48/0.52/0.51; 18:2 37.46/36.24/37.81/37.83; 20:0 0.19/0.21/0.19/0.19; 18:3 n-3 0.046/0.039/0.044/0.042; 20:1 0.34/0.33/0.35/0.35; alpha-eleostearic 27.01/26.86/26.28/26.11; three unidentified peaks; sum unknown 1.90/1.94/2.18/1.83 (it includes the ECL-identified 17:0 and trans-18:2); saturated 15.51/15.13/15.71/16.27, monounsaturated 18.04/19.76/17.94/17.88, polyunsaturated 64.52/63.14/64.13/63.98. The screw-pressed column is the typical because pressing is how the oil is made commercially. Ranges add Frankova et al. 2021 (Molecules 26(17):5210), Mongu, Western Province, Zambia, Table 2, market oil made by the traditional method ('melting out with boiling water') / Soxhlet extract of the seeds: C14:0 0.03/ND, C16:0 8.83/6.29, C16:1 0.04/ND, C18:0 6.13/9.45, C18:1 cis-9 15.26/24.07, C18:1 cis-11 (vaccenic) 0.46/0.42, C18:2 9t,12t ND/0.89, C18:2 40.18/10.28, alpha-eleostearic 28.58/46.17 (identified tentatively from MS spectra), C18:3 n-3 0.04/ND, C20:0 0.16/0.41, C20:1 0.30/0.78. The eleostearic-rich, linoleic-poor Zambian Soxhlet sample is why the linoleic and eleostearic ranges are so wide; the authors note that one sample being 'chiefly alpha-eleostearic acid and the other one linoleic acid has also been reported', and suggest heat during processing or regional variants of the tree. Saponification value 182.98-192.95 mg KOH/g, iodine value 127.97-129.07 (Wijs), refractive index 1.485-1.487, density 0.908-0.914 g/cm3 and unsaponifiable matter 0.70 % (screw-pressed) / 0.74 % (Soxhlet): Gwatidzo, Botha & McCrindle 2017 (JAOCS 94(7):973-980), full text paywalled, only the abstract deposited with Crossref was read; it says saponification values 'were not affected by extraction method except for SE oil which had lower values'. Check: the screw-press profile implies about 193 mg KOH/g. A conjugated triene takes up Wijs iodine incompletely, so no iodine cross-check is attempted. Trans-linoleic (about 0.5 %) and vaccenic acid (about 0.4 %) have no key.
Cette fiche fait partie de la base d’ingrédients ouverte (ODbL). Vous avez trouvé une erreur ou une meilleure source primaire ? Le jeu de données est sur GitHub ; les corrections accompagnées d’un lien vers un document sont bienvenues.