Hydrogenated Cottonseed Oil

USP 35-NF 30 NF monograph 'Hydrogenated Cottonseed Oil': the product obtained by refining and hydrogenating oil obtained from seeds of Gossypium hirsutum or other species of Gossypium; it consists mainly of triglycerides of palmitic and stearic acids. Melting range (Class II <741>): between 57 and 70 C; acid value not more than 0.5; peroxide value not more than 5.0; unsaponifiable matter not more than 1.0 %. Fatty acid composition (<401>), carbon-chain length / double bonds / percentage: <14/0 <=0.2; 14/0 <=1.0; 16/0 19-26; 18/0 68-80; 20/0 <=1.0; 22/0 <=1.0; 24/0 <=0.5; 18/1 <=4.0; 18/2 <=1.0. The '<=' signs are images (images/chars/le.gif) on the HTML pages of the USP 29-NF 24 (pharmacopeia.cn) and USP 35/38 (drugfuture.com) mirrors and U+2264 characters in the USP 35 page-scan PDF (dropped by pdftotext unless run with -enc UTF-8), which is why a plain text conversion shows 0.2, 1.0 ... as bare numbers; the 16/0 and 18/0 entries are the only ranges. USP 29-NF 24 and USP 38-NF 33 print the identical table and limits. The USP 35 page scan (pp. 1772-1773) also carries the unhydrogenated 'Cottonseed Oil' table (e.g. 16/0 18.0-26.4, 18/2 46.7-58.3), which pdftotext interleaves with this one; rows were read from the HTML. Ph. Eur. monograph 1305 (BP 2024 text) gives the same limits in words: saturated fatty acids of chain length less than C14 max. 0.2 %; myristic max. 1.0 %; palmitic 19.0-26.0 %; stearic 68.0-80.0 %; oleic acid and isomers max. 4.0 %; linoleic acid and isomers max. 1.0 %; arachidic max. 1.0 %; behenic max. 1.0 %; lignoceric max. 0.5 %; melting point (2.2.14) 57-70 C; acid value max. 0.5; peroxide value max. 5.0; unsaponifiable matter max. 1.0 %. Not mapped: saturated acids shorter than C14 as a group, <=0.2 %. 'Oleic acid and isomers' and 'linoleic acid and isomers' are totals and are mapped to oleic and linoleic under the isomer rule; they include the trans and positional isomers formed in hydrogenation, and no trans share is printed. Representative total 105.0 % (limits counted at their maxima). Neither pharmacopoeia prints a saponification or iodine value. sapKohMgPerG and iodineValue are single measurements from Imran & Nadeem 2015 (Lipids Health Dis 14:138) on refined, bleached and deodorized fully hydrogenated cottonseed oil (FHCSO) from a vanaspati manufacturer (United Industries Ltd, Faisalabad, Pakistan), mean +/- SD, number of replicates not stated: saponification value 198 +/- 2 (AOCS Cd 3-25), iodine value 6 +/- 2 (AOCS Cd 1d-92), melting point 59 +/- 1 C (AOAC Method No. 920-157, as printed), free fatty acids 0.098 +/- 0.003 %, stearic acid 72 +/- 0.8 %, palmitic acid 20 +/- 0.5 %, oleic acid 4 +/- 0.3 %; that composition lies inside the pharmacopoeial ranges. The published 198 is 2.9 % above the 192.3 implied by the representative profile recorded here, and 2.8 % above the 192.6 implied by the paper's own 72/20/4. The same paper gives FHCSO a refractive index of 1.472 +/- 0.003 and a specific gravity of 0.918 +/- 0.001, with methods stated as Abbe refractometer at room temperature and pycnometer at 25 C, which cannot be applied as written to a fat melting at 59 C; those two figures are not used, and they are a reason to treat the single SAP and IV measurement with some caution. Degree of hydrogenation: fully hydrogenated (iodine value 6 +/- 2; oleic at most 4.0 %). Producer data sheets were not citable: ABITEC's Sterotex NF (hydrogenated cottonseed oil) data sheets are behind a customer login, and JRS Pharma's Lubritab page (made from hydrogenated cottonseed oil) prints no specification. meltingPointC is the USP <741> Class II melting range (the Ph. Eur. 2.2.14 melting point is the same 57-70 C). CosIng lists no saponified name for hydrogenated cottonseed oil.

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