Hydrogenated Cottonseed Oil
INCI Hydrogenated Cottonseed Oil. CAS 68334-00-9; EC 269-804-9, as CosIng gives them. Also: Cottonseed oil, hydrogenated, Hardened cottonseed oil, Fully hydrogenated cottonseed oil (FHCSO).
Published values
| Saponification value | 198 mg KOH/g |
| Used by the calculator | 198.0 mg KOH/g (typical) |
| SAP for NaOH | 0.1412 g/g |
| Iodine value | 6 g I₂/100 g |
| INS (SAP − IV) | 192 |
| Melting point | 57–70 °C |
| Unsaponifiable matter | ≤ 1 % |
A bar made of 100 % Hydrogenated Cottonseed Oil
Conventional qualities summed from the fatty-acid groups; a single-oil bar is a reference point, not a recipe.
How much lye
| Oil | NaOH | KOH |
|---|---|---|
| 500 g | 67.0 g | 94.1 g |
| 1 kg | 134.1 g | 188.1 g |
| 1 lb (454 g) | 60.8 g | 85.3 g |
| 2 lb (907 g) | 121.6 g | 170.6 g |
For this oil alone at 5 % superfat, with pure sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or pure potassium hydroxide (KOH); in brackets, across the published range of its saponification value. KOH is usually sold at 90 %: divide by 0.9. For a whole recipe, open the calculator.
Fatty-acid profile
Saturated : unsaturated 95 : 5
| Fatty acid | Published range, % | Used | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Myristic acid | C14:0 · saturated | ≤ 1 | 1.0 |
| Palmitic acid | C16:0 · saturated | 19–26 | 22.5 |
| Stearic acid | C18:0 · saturated | 68–80 | 74.0 |
| Oleic acid | C18:1 | ≤ 4 | 4.0 |
| Linoleic acid | C18:2 | ≤ 1 | 1.0 |
| Arachidic acid | C20:0 · saturated | ≤ 1 | 1.0 |
| Behenic acid | C22:0 · saturated | ≤ 1 | 1.0 |
| Lignoceric acid | C24:0 · saturated | ≤ 0.5 | 0.5 |
Where these numbers come from
The composition table was read from this HTML page, where the "not more than" sign is an image (images/chars/le.gif, rendered here as <=); entries carrying it are recorded as max, the others as min-max. Melting range (Class II <741>) 57-70 C, acid value NMT 0.5, peroxide value NMT 5.0, unsaponifiable matter NMT 1.0 %; no saponification or iodine value. The page scan of the same monograph on the same mirror prints "Official from May 1, 2012" and the same values (its text layer carries any limit signs as U+2264, which pdftotext keeps only with -enc UTF-8).
Identical composition table, melting range (Class II) 57-70 C, acid value NMT 0.5, peroxide value NMT 5.0 and unsaponifiable matter NMT 1.0 %. The page encodes the "not more than" signs as images/chars/le.gif; a tag-stripping conversion drops them.
Same Table 1 composition, melting range (Class II) 57-70 C, acid value NMT 0.5, peroxide value NMT 5.0 and unsaponifiable matter NMT 1.0 % as USP 35-NF 30. No saponification or iodine value.
Text between the "Ph Eur" markers is the Ph. Eur. monograph: melting point (2.2.14) 57-70 C; acid value max. 0.5; peroxide value max. 5.0; unsaponifiable matter max. 1.0 %; composition of the fatty-acid fraction as in notes. No saponification or iodine value.
Read from the Europe PMC JATS XML, section "Fatty acids composition and physico-chemical characteristics of raw materials": FHCSO saponification value 198 +/- 2, iodine value 6 +/- 2, melting point 59 +/- 1 C, stearic 72 +/- 0.8 %, palmitic 20 +/- 0.5 %, oleic 4 +/- 0.3 %.
USP 35-NF 30 NF monograph 'Hydrogenated Cottonseed Oil': the product obtained by refining and hydrogenating oil obtained from seeds of Gossypium hirsutum or other species of Gossypium; it consists mainly of triglycerides of palmitic and stearic acids. Melting range (Class II <741>): between 57 and 70 C; acid value not more than 0.5; peroxide value not more than 5.0; unsaponifiable matter not more than 1.0 %. Fatty acid composition (<401>), carbon-chain length / double bonds / percentage: <14/0 <=0.2; 14/0 <=1.0; 16/0 19-26; 18/0 68-80; 20/0 <=1.0; 22/0 <=1.0; 24/0 <=0.5; 18/1 <=4.0; 18/2 <=1.0. The '<=' signs are images (images/chars/le.gif) on the HTML pages of the USP 29-NF 24 (pharmacopeia.cn) and USP 35/38 (drugfuture.com) mirrors and U+2264 characters in the USP 35 page-scan PDF (dropped by pdftotext unless run with -enc UTF-8), which is why a plain text conversion shows 0.2, 1.0 ... as bare numbers; the 16/0 and 18/0 entries are the only ranges. USP 29-NF 24 and USP 38-NF 33 print the identical table and limits. The USP 35 page scan (pp. 1772-1773) also carries the unhydrogenated 'Cottonseed Oil' table (e.g. 16/0 18.0-26.4, 18/2 46.7-58.3), which pdftotext interleaves with this one; rows were read from the HTML. Ph. Eur. monograph 1305 (BP 2024 text) gives the same limits in words: saturated fatty acids of chain length less than C14 max. 0.2 %; myristic max. 1.0 %; palmitic 19.0-26.0 %; stearic 68.0-80.0 %; oleic acid and isomers max. 4.0 %; linoleic acid and isomers max. 1.0 %; arachidic max. 1.0 %; behenic max. 1.0 %; lignoceric max. 0.5 %; melting point (2.2.14) 57-70 C; acid value max. 0.5; peroxide value max. 5.0; unsaponifiable matter max. 1.0 %. Not mapped: saturated acids shorter than C14 as a group, <=0.2 %. 'Oleic acid and isomers' and 'linoleic acid and isomers' are totals and are mapped to oleic and linoleic under the isomer rule; they include the trans and positional isomers formed in hydrogenation, and no trans share is printed. Representative total 105.0 % (limits counted at their maxima). Neither pharmacopoeia prints a saponification or iodine value. The saponification value and the iodine value are single measurements from Imran & Nadeem 2015 (Lipids Health Dis 14:138) on refined, bleached and deodorized fully hydrogenated cottonseed oil (FHCSO) from a vanaspati manufacturer (United Industries Ltd, Faisalabad, Pakistan), mean +/- SD, number of replicates not stated: saponification value 198 +/- 2 (AOCS Cd 3-25), iodine value 6 +/- 2 (AOCS Cd 1d-92), melting point 59 +/- 1 C (AOAC Method No. 920-157, as printed), free fatty acids 0.098 +/- 0.003 %, stearic acid 72 +/- 0.8 %, palmitic acid 20 +/- 0.5 %, oleic acid 4 +/- 0.3 %; that composition lies inside the pharmacopoeial ranges. The published 198 is 2.9 % above the 192.3 implied by the representative profile recorded here, and 2.8 % above the 192.6 implied by the paper's own 72/20/4. The same paper gives FHCSO a refractive index of 1.472 +/- 0.003 and a specific gravity of 0.918 +/- 0.001, with methods stated as Abbe refractometer at room temperature and pycnometer at 25 C, which cannot be applied as written to a fat melting at 59 C; those two figures are not used, and they are a reason to treat the single SAP and IV measurement with some caution. Degree of hydrogenation: fully hydrogenated (iodine value 6 +/- 2; oleic at most 4.0 %). Producer data sheets were not citable: ABITEC's Sterotex NF (hydrogenated cottonseed oil) data sheets are behind a customer login, and JRS Pharma's Lubritab page (made from hydrogenated cottonseed oil) prints no specification. The melting point is the USP <741> Class II melting range (the Ph. Eur. 2.2.14 melting point is the same 57-70 C). CosIng lists no saponified name for hydrogenated cottonseed oil.
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