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Oils

Abyssinian Oil

Also: Crambe abyssinica seed oil, Crambe oil, Abyssinian kale oil, Crambe abyssinica Hochst. seed oil.

Calculate a 100 % Abyssinian Oil bar

The saponification value here is derived, not published. No primary document we could use gives one for Abyssinian Oil, so it is calculated from this record's own fatty-acid composition: chain lengths fix the molar mass, which fixes how much hydroxide a gram of fat consumes. That gives 169.8 mg KOH/g, ±3 %.

That is stoichiometry on a measured composition rather than a guess, and it is about as well determined as a published figure: checked against the 35 Codex oils where both fields come from the same standard, the method's median error is 0.90 % and its 90th percentile 2.74 %, with no meaningful bias. The formula page shows the working. If you have a certificate of analysis for your lot, enter its measured value in the calculator and this estimate is set aside.

Published values

Saponification valuenot published
Derived from composition169.8 ± 3 % mg KOH/g
Used by the calculator169.8 mg KOH/g (derived)
SAP for NaOH0.1211 g/g
Iodine value88 g I₂/100 g
INS (SAP − IV)82
Melting point
Unsaponifiable matter

A bar made of 100 % Abyssinian Oil

Hardness 5 below 29–54
Cleansing 0 below 12–22
Conditioning 27 below 44–69
Bubbly lather 0 below 14–46
Creamy lather 5 below 16–48

Conventional qualities summed from the fatty-acid groups; a single-oil bar is a reference point, not a recipe.

Fatty-acid profile

Fatty acidPublished range, %Used
Palmitic acid C16:0 · saturated 3.4 3.4
Stearic acid C18:0 · saturated 1.1 1.1
Oleic acid C18:1 17.8 17.8
Linoleic acid C18:2 6.1 6.1
α-Linolenic acid C18:3 n-3 2.8 2.8
Arachidic acid C20:0 · saturated 1.7 1.7
Gadoleic acid C20:1 6.7 6.7
Behenic acid C22:0 · saturated 2.14–3.7 (typ. 3.7) 3.7
Erucic acid C22:1 56.23–63.77 (typ. 56.7) 56.7

Where these numbers come from

Faculdade Dr. Francisco Maeda / FE-FAFRAM (Nucleus), open access; PDF served by Dialnet (Universidad de La Rioja)Caracterizacao fisico-quimica do oleo e do biodiesel de Crambe abyssinica Hochst (Samir Paulo Jasper, Marco Antonio Martin Biaggioni, Paulo Roberto Arbex Silva; Nucleus 2013, 10(2):183-190; DOI 10.3738/1982.2278.854) · document dated 2013-10 · read 2026-09-21

Tabela 1 physical and chemical parameters of crambe oil (density, kinematic viscosity, iodine value 88 gI2/100g, acid value 3.64 mg KOH/g, water content); Tabela 2 fatty-acid composition (%). The journal's own site, nucleus.feituverava.com.br, did not respond on 2026-09-21, so the DOI target could not be opened; the Dialnet copy of the same article PDF was read instead.

Embrapa Agroenergia (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria), repository AliceQuantificacao e caracterizacao de oleos de canola, carinata e crambe produzidos no Centro-Oeste brasileiro (Laura Guimaraes Ciciliano, Leticia Karen dos Santos, Bruno Galveas Laviola, Simone Palma Favaro), in VII Encontro de Pesquisa e Inovacao da Embrapa Agroenergia, p. 72-76 · read 2026-09-21

Crambe variety FMS 1 Brilhante, Planaltina DF, 2022 safrinha: oil content 35.13 %, erucic acid 56.23-56.3 %, acidity 0.42 %, Rancimat oxidative stability 25.46 h. Its Tabela 2 extracts with misaligned columns and was not transcribed acid-by-acid; only the erucic figure, which the running text and conclusion both state, is used.

AOCS / Springer (Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society) - publisher-deposited abstract onlyFull Characterisation of Crambe abyssinica Hochst. Seed Oil (S. Lalas, O. Gortzi, V. Athanasiadis, E. Dourtoglou, V. Dourtoglou; JAOCS 2012, 89(12):2253-2258; DOI 10.1007/s11746-012-2122-y) · document dated 2012-12 · read 2026-09-21

Full text is paywalled; only the abstract deposited with Crossref was read. It supplies C22:1 63.77 %, C22:0 2.14 %, seed oil content ~30 %, beta-sitosterol 51.93 % of sterols, tocopherols 7.67/125.04/3.99 mg/kg, Rancimat induction 8.83 h at 110 C, DSC peak -20.94 C. It states that a saponification value was determined but does not print it.

ERUCIC ACID IS THE POINT OF THIS OIL and the figure here is measured, not inherited: Tabela 2 of Jasper, Biaggioni & Silva, Nucleus 10(2):183-190 (2013), a Brazilian peer-reviewed characterisation of Crambe abyssinica Hochst. oil and its biodiesel, gives palmitic 3.4, stearic 1.1, oleic 17.8, linoleic 6.1, linolenic 2.8, arachidic 1.7, eicosenoic (C20:1) 6.7, behenic 3.7 and erucic (C22:1) 56.7 %, with the paper's own saturated/unsaturated totals of 9.9 and 90.1 % - the nine acids sum to exactly 100.0 % and reproduce both totals, which is how the row/value assignment was checked (the PDF's table columns extract out of order). The running text states the erucic figure independently: 'o acido erucico correspondeu a 56,7% da composicao dos acidos graxos'. Corroborated by Embrapa Agroenergia, which measured 56.23-56.3 % erucic in crambe variety FMS 1 Brilhante grown at Planaltina, DF (2022 safrinha), and by the abstract of Lalas et al., JAOCS 89(12):2253-2258 (2012), which reports 63.77 % C22:1 and 2.14 % C22:0 in a Greek hexane-extracted crambe oil. So erucic ranges roughly 56-64 % by cultivar and season; 56.7 % is used as typical because it is the one figure that comes with a complete, self-consistent profile. NO SAPONIFICATION VALUE IS RECORDED, and that is deliberate. Jasper et al. measured density (911.3 kg/m3), kinematic viscosity (49.02 mm2/s), iodine value (88 g I2/100 g), acid value (3.64 mg KOH/g) and water content (803.4 mg/kg) but not the saponification value. Lalas et al. state in their abstract that they determined one, but the number appears only in the paywalled full text, and the abstract does not print it. Every other figure on offer traces back to a soap calculator or a supplier page, which this dataset will not copy. The calculator will derive a value from the profile instead: the recorded composition implies about 170 mg KOH/g. WHAT MATTERS FOR SOAP: that derived figure is far lower than any common oil because more than half the fat is a 22-carbon acid - erucic weighs 338 g/mol against oleic's 282, so a gram of abyssinian oil contains fewer ester bonds and eats correspondingly less lye. Treating it as 'another liquid oil' at ~190 will over-lye the batch by roughly 10 %. The measured iodine value of 88 is moderate and matches the profile (one double bond on a long chain contributes little iodine per gram), which is why the oil is oxidatively stable - Embrapa measured a 25.5 h Rancimat induction period, nearly three times canola's 8.7 h in the same run. Behenic at 2-4 % and no lignoceric were reported by Jasper; Lalas additionally found nervonic acid (C24:1), which has no key in this schema and is not recorded. Lalas reports a single DSC thermal peak at -20.94 C; because the abstract does not say whether that is the melting or the crystallisation event, meltingPointC is left null rather than guessed. Unsaponifiable matter was not measured in any document opened. INCI not verified on CosIng in this session, left null.

This record is part of the open ingredient database (ODbL). Found an error or a better primary source? The dataset is on GitHub; corrections with a document link are welcome.