Illipe Butter
INCI Shorea Stenoptera Seed Butter. CAS 91770-65-9; EC 294-851-7, as CosIng gives them. Also: Borneo tallow, Shorea stenoptera seed butter, Tengkawang butter, Illipe fat.
Published values
| Saponification value | 180–200 mg KOH/g |
| Used by the calculator | 190.0 mg KOH/g (midpoint) |
| SAP for NaOH | 0.1354 g/g |
| Iodine value | 25–38 g I₂/100 g |
| INS (SAP − IV) | 159 |
| Melting point | — |
| Unsaponifiable matter | ≤ 2.5 % |
Soapmaking books print about 0.137 g NaOH per g (median of 2 books), which agrees with ours to within 2 %.
A bar made of 100 % Illipe Butter
Conventional qualities summed from the fatty-acid groups; a single-oil bar is a reference point, not a recipe.
How much lye
| Oil | NaOH | KOH |
|---|---|---|
| 500 g | 64.3 g(61.0–67.7) | 90.3 g(85.5–95.0) |
| 1 kg | 128.7 g(121.9–135.4) | 180.5 g(171.0–190.0) |
| 1 lb (454 g) | 58.4 g(55.3–61.4) | 81.9 g(77.6–86.2) |
| 2 lb (907 g) | 116.7 g(110.6–122.9) | 163.7 g(155.1–172.4) |
For this oil alone at 5 % superfat, with pure sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or pure potassium hydroxide (KOH); in brackets, across the published range of its saponification value. KOH is usually sold at 90 %: divide by 0.9. For a whole recipe, open the calculator.
Fatty-acid profile
Saturated : unsaturated 67 : 33
| Fatty acid | Published range, % | Used | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Palmitic acid | C16:0 · saturated | 19.71–20.22 | 20.0 |
| Stearic acid | C18:0 · saturated | 42.6–44.267 | 43.4 |
| Oleic acid | C18:1 | 31.29–31.894 | 31.6 |
| Linoleic acid | C18:2 | 0.526–1.01 | 0.8 |
| Arachidic acid | C20:0 · saturated | 2.182–3.53 | 2.9 |
Where these numbers come from
Fatty-acid composition table and measured iodine value (30.75-31.5 gI2/100g, meeting Indonesian standard SNI 2903:2016's 25-38 band) for tengkawang/illipe butter from two West Kalimantan villages. Source of the fattyAcidsPercent field.
Source of the the saponification value, the iodine value and the unsaponifiable share fields: saponification value 180-200, iodine value (Wijs) 25-38, unsaponifiable matter not more than 2.5%, free fatty acids not more than 3%, refractive index 1.4560-1.4570 at 40 C. Item inserted by 2019 amendment, gazetted 2021.
SAP and unsaponifiable-matter fields are the FSSAI (India) regulatory standard for 'Borneo tallow/Illipe butter' (Chapter 2.2, item 13): saponification value 180-200, unsaponifiable matter not more than 2.5%, free fatty acids not more than 3%, refractive index 1.4560-1.4570 at 40 C. IODINE VALUE uses the same FSSAI band (25-38), which is corroborated almost exactly by the Indonesian national standard SNI 2903:2016 (25-38, cited within the source below) and brackets the narrower value (30.75-31.5) actually measured by Darmawan et al. 2020 on two West Kalimantan tengkawang butter samples (Nanga Yen and Sintang villages) - the broader, twice-corroborated regulatory band was used for the field, with the tighter measured figures noted here. FATTY ACID COMPOSITION is Darmawan et al. 2020's own GLC measurement (Heliyon, open access via PMC), the only primary fatty-acid table located for this species: palmitic 19.710%/20.220%, stearic 44.267%/42.600%, oleic 31.894%/31.290%, linoleic 0.526%/1.010%, and a C20:0 acid that the paper's own table mislabels 'arachidonic' but which is unambiguously arachidic acid (C20:0 is arachidic; arachidonic acid is C20:4) at 2.182%/3.530%, for the Nanga Yen/Sintang samples respectively. MELTING POINT left blank: the FSSAI standard uses refractive index, not melting point, as its identity test for this item; Darmawan et al. 2020 does not report melting point; several other candidate primary sources - an AIP Conference Proceedings paper on Sahan/Nanga Yen tengkawang processing, a ResearchGate-hosted 'Refining and Physicochemical Test of Tengkawang oil' paper, and a Jan Dekker (Illipe Butter RBD) producer datasheet on SpecialChem - all returned HTTP 403 or unreadable content and could not be verified first-hand, so a melting point was not recorded rather than relying on unverified secondary web summaries (which ranged inconsistently from about 28 C to 37 C).
This record is part of the open ingredient database (ODbL), which you can download as CSV or JSON. Found an error or a better primary source? Corrections with a link to the document are welcome at support@soapformulator.com.