Pracaxiöl

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The numbers a calculator needs come from the EMBRAPA chapter on Pentaclethra macroloba in 'Plantas para o Futuro - Regiao Norte' (Cruz and Gurgel, MMA 2022, Serie Biodiversidade 53), whose Table 2 reprints Pesce's Amazonian oleaginous-plant measurements: saponification value 180 mg KOH/g, iodine value 68.0 g I2/100 g, melting point 18.5 C, solidification point 14.4 C, acidity 3.36 % as oleic acid, density 0.9173 at 15 C. The same table lists 47-53 C figures under 'ponto de fusao dos acidos graxos' and 'ponto de congelamento'; those are the titre of the isolated fatty acids and must not be read as a melting point for the fat, and the refractive index it prints (53.9 at 40 C) is on the Zeiss scale rather than nD. The fatty-acid profile is Correia et al. 2023 (International Journal of Food Science 2023:1446972), Table 3, GC-FID on seeds from three wild populations in Para. 'typical' is the Marituba column, the only one in which all twelve compounds were detected; min/max span Sao Domingos do Capim, Marituba and Belem. Margaric acid (C17:0, 0.0405 %, Marituba only) and tricosanoic acid (C23:0, 0.119-0.136 %) are dropped for want of a schema key, so the profile sums to 99.84 % rather than 100. The published pair is unusually well matched to that composition: by stoichiometry the Marituba profile implies 179.4 mg KOH/g against the 180 measured, and 70.9 g I2/100 g against the 68.0 measured. The reason the value sits near 180 rather than the 190-195 an ordinary oleic oil gives is behenic plus lignoceric acid, which together are about a quarter of the fat; lye demand falls as the chains lengthen, so pracaxi needs meaningfully less alkali than its oleic content suggests. Behenic content is where the sources disagree. Correia et al. measured 13.53-14.77 %, whereas the review of six earlier GC studies in Plants 2023 (12:1330) aggregates behenic at 16.13-22.60 %, lignoceric 10.44-12.49 % and oleic 47.30-53.55 %. Those are ranges over six different oils and cannot be merged into one profile without inventing a sample nobody measured, so they are not used; a maker working from a high-behenic lot should expect a saponification value a few points below 180, not above it. One practical trap: EMBRAPA records that pracaxi oil is liquid at room temperature but releases a large white solid fraction after time in storage, so an unmixed bottle pours something other than the lot it came from - warm and homogenise before weighing. Unsaponifiable matter is not reported in either document. INCI not verified against CosIng in this session, left null.

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