Kusum Oil
INCI Schleichera Trijuga Seed Oil. Also: Kusum seed oil, Macassar oil, Kesambi oil, Schleichera oleosa seed oil, Schleichera trijuga seed oil.
Published values
| Saponification value | not published |
| Iodine value | — |
| INS (SAP − IV) | — |
| Melting point | — |
| Unsaponifiable matter | — |
A bar made of 100 % Kusum Oil
The soap qualities are derived from the fatty-acid profile, which is below. They are shown here only for records the calculator can use.
Fatty-acid profile
| Fatty acid | Published range, % | Used | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lauric acid | C12:0 · saturated | ≤ 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Myristic acid | C14:0 · saturated | 0.2–0.4 | 0.3 |
| Palmitic acid | C16:0 · saturated | 7.2–10.8 | 9.0 |
| Palmitoleic acid | C16:1 | 1.6–2 | 1.8 |
| Stearic acid | C18:0 · saturated | 2.6–4.6 | 3.6 |
| Oleic acid | C18:1 | 42.2–42.8 | 42.5 |
| Linoleic acid | C18:2 | 4–6.1 | 5.1 |
| Arachidic acid | C20:0 · saturated | 22–24.3 | 23.2 |
| Gadoleic acid | C20:1 | 9.2–15.1 | 12.1 |
| Behenic acid | C22:0 · saturated | 1–1.4 | 1.2 |
| Erucic acid | C22:1 | 1–1.2 | 1.1 |
Where these numbers come from
Dataset #12818 (1968; SOFA TAB_001716) used; #23023 (Sarve et al. 2015) and #23061 (2010) read but not merged (see notes).
Dataset #28548 'Chinese Oil Plants' (1987), kernel.
Introduction (cyanogenic lipids), Table 1 (quoted fatty acids) and section 2.3 (acid value of the crude oil).
Oil-content remarks only (51-62 % and 59-72 % in the kernel).
READ FIRST: Sarve, Varma & Sonawane 2015 (J. Oleo Sci. 64(9):987-997) state that kusum oil 'contains cynogenic lipids, which releases cyanide upon hydrolysis. Hence, it saponified only after pretreatment.' Saponification is hydrolysis. None of the documents read gives the cyanolipid content, and cyanolipids are not triglycerides, so a saponification value derived from this profile (which assumes triglycerides) may be off by an unknown amount. Fatty acids are PlantFAdb's two independent analyses of Schleichera trijuga (a synonym of S. oleosa): 'Component fatty acids and composition of some oils and fats' (1968; SOFA TAB_001716; oil content 74): C12:0 0.3, C14:0 0.2, C16:1 1.6, C16:0 10.8, C18:2 6.1, C18:1 42.8, C18:0 4.6, C20:1 9.2, C20:0 22.0, C22:1 1.0, C22:0 1.4; and 'Chinese Oil Plants' (1987; kernel, oil 69 %): C14:0 0.4, C16:1 2.0, C16:0 7.2, C18:2 4.0, C18:1 42.2, C18:0 2.6, C20:1 15.1, C20:0 24.3, C22:1 1.2, C22:0 1.0. Arachidic (22-24 %) and eicosenoic acid (9-15 %) are this oil's signature. Not merged: Sarve et al.'s Table 1, which quotes its reference 15 rather than measuring, with odd labels: lauric '12:1' 0.31, myristic '14:1' 0.31, palmitic 8.0, stearic 2.3, oleic 42.6, linoleic 4.5, arachidic 21.3, eicosenoic '20:2' 15.2, behenic 1.5, erucic 1.9 (PlantFAdb's transcription of it omits the myristic); and a 2010 PlantFAdb dataset ('An ideal feedstock, kusum (Schleichera triguga) for preparation of biodiesel') with 15.54 % myristic acid and a 92.5 % total, rejected as unlike every other analysis. The crude oil Sarve et al. used (S. K. Oil Industries, Jharkhand) had an initial acid value of 21.65 mg NaOH/g, 'corresponding to the free fatty acid (FFA) level of 10.83%'; free fatty acid takes up lye as well. No saponification or iodine value was found in an allowed document. PlantFAdb records give 51-62 % and 59-72 % oil in the kernel for S. oleosa.
This record is part of the open ingredient database (ODbL). Found an error or a better primary source? The dataset is on GitHub; corrections with a document link are welcome.