Aceite de yangu
Nombre INCI: Calodendrum Capense Nut Oil. También: Aceite de castaño del Cabo.
Valores publicados
| Índice de saponificación | 184,1 mg KOH/g |
| Usado por la calculadora | 184,1 mg KOH/g (típico) |
| SAP para NaOH | 0,1312 g/g |
| Índice de yodo | 80,2–102,4 g I₂/100 g (típico 102,4) |
| INS (SAP − índice de yodo) | 82 |
| Punto de fusión | — |
| Materia insaponificable | 0,9 % |
Una pastilla hecha 100 % de aceite de yangu
Cualidades convencionales sumadas a partir de los grupos de ácidos grasos; una pastilla de un solo aceite es una referencia, no una receta.
Perfil de ácidos grasos
| Ácido graso | Rango publicado, % | Usado | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ácido mirístico | C14:0 · saturados | ≤ 0,02 | 0,0 |
| Ácido palmítico | C16:0 · saturados | 17,69–35,6 (típico 23,8) | 23,8 |
| Ácido palmitoleico | C16:1 | ≤ 0,42 | 0,4 |
| Ácido esteárico | C18:0 · saturados | 2,5–4,5 (típico 4,5) | 4,5 |
| Ácido oleico | C18:1 | 24–55,75 (típico 33,7) | 33,7 |
| Ácido linoleico | C18:2 | 19,59–36 (típico 35,6) | 35,6 |
| Ácido α-linolénico | C18:3 n-3 | 0,68–1,4 (típico 1,4) | 1,4 |
| Ácido araquídico | C20:0 · saturados | 0,77–1 (típico 1) | 1,0 |
| Ácido gadoleico | C20:1 | ≤ 0,21 | 0,2 |
| Ácido behénico | C22:0 · saturados | ≤ 0,24 | 0,2 |
| Ácido lignocérico | C24:0 · saturados | ≤ 0,15 | 0,2 |
De dónde salen estos números
Las notas con fuente que aparecen debajo, y los títulos de los documentos que citan, se mantienen en su idioma original. Una cita traducida no se puede consultar, y un resumen técnico traducido ya no es el resumen que se contrastó con el documento.
Full text paywalled; the abstract as deposited with Crossref (api.crossref.org/works/10.1007/BF02662425) was read. The saponification value, iodine value and unsaponifiable matter of the same paper are from PlantFAdb (below).
Dataset #12419 'Fatty acid composition of seed kernel oil of calodendrum capense (l.f.) thunb' (1983; SOFA TAB_003561): saponification 184.1, iodine 102.4, unsaponifiable 0.9 %, acid value 2.3.
Dataset #22128 'Analytical characterization of the lipid fraction extracted from seeds of Calodendrum capensis (Rutaceae)' (1999).
Table 2 (oil properties) and Table 4 (methyl-ester composition), read from word coordinates; its saponification value is rejected (see notes).
Typical values are Munavu 1983 (JAOCS 60(9):1653), Kenyan seed kernels, 60 % oil. The abstract, as deposited with Crossref, gives: '23.8% palmitic, 4.5% stearic, 33.7% oleic, 35.6% linoleic, 1.4% linolenic and 1.0% arachidic. Myristic and behenic acids were present in trace amounts'. PlantFAdb's transcription of the same paper (SOFA TAB_003561) gives palmitic 23.6 (the typical uses the abstract's 23.8) and the paper's constants: saponification value 184.1, iodine value 102.4, unsaponifiable matter 0.9 %, acid value 2.3. Wagutu, Chhabra, Thoruwa, Thoruwa & Mahunnah 2009 (Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 23(3):359-370), seeds from Mount Kenya forest via the Kenya Forestry Research Institute, oil yield 58 %: Table 2 density 0.908 g/cm3 (25 C), viscosity 26.6 mm2/s (40 C), iodine value (Wijs) 80.2, acid value 3.2 mg KOH/g, saponification value 266.5 and refractive index 1.4658; Table 4, methyl esters: palmitic 35.6, stearic 2.5, oleic 24.0, linoleic 36.0 (its 'literature' column, 23.6/4.5/33.7/35.6, matches Munavu's figures). REJECTED: that 266.5 mg KOH/g. The paper puts it down to 'short chain fatty acid (C12-C16)', 36 %, but in its own GC that 36 % is palmitic acid and the rest is C18; an oil made only of C16 and C18 acids cannot exceed about 208 (pure tripalmitin). The same table gives jatropha oil 112.2, so the column is not reliable. PlantFAdb 'Analytical characterization of the lipid fraction extracted from seeds of Calodendrum capensis (Rutaceae)' (1999; SOFA TAB_012074; oil 61.33 %): C14:0 0.02, C16:1 0.42, C16:0 17.69, C17:1 0.07, C17:0 0.09, C18:3 0.68, C18:2 19.59, C18:1 55.75, C18:0 4.32, C20:1 0.21, C20:0 0.77, C22:0 0.24, C24:0 0.15. An 'Unpublished (1996)' PlantFAdb dataset was not used. The three analyses disagree strongly on oleic against linoleic acid (24-56 % against 20-36 %), so those ranges are wide; the typical is Munavu's because it comes with the saponification and iodine values. Check: Munavu's profile implies about 194 mg KOH/g, so the published 184.1 is about 5 % lower (inside tolerance); its iodine value 102.4 is somewhat above what that profile implies (about 94), while Wagutu's Wijs 80.2 is close to what Wagutu's own profile implies (about 85).
Esta ficha forma parte de la base de datos abierta de ingredientes (ODbL). ¿Ha encontrado un error o una fuente primaria mejor? El conjunto de datos está en GitHub; las correcciones con un enlace al documento son bienvenidas.