Tamarind Seed Oil
Also: Tamarind kernel oil, Tamarindus indica seed oil.
Calculate a 100 % Tamarind Seed Oil bar
That is stoichiometry on a measured composition rather than a guess, and it is about as well determined as a published figure: checked against the 35 Codex oils where both fields come from the same standard, the method's median error is 0.90 % and its 90th percentile 2.74 %, with no meaningful bias. The formula page shows the working. If you have a certificate of analysis for your lot, enter its measured value in the calculator and this estimate is set aside.
Published values
| Saponification value | not published |
| Derived from composition | 188.5 ± 3 % mg KOH/g |
| Used by the calculator | 188.5 mg KOH/g (derived) |
| SAP for NaOH | 0.1344 g/g |
| Iodine value | — |
| INS (SAP − IV) | — |
| Melting point | — |
| Unsaponifiable matter | 2.5–3.9 % |
A bar made of 100 % Tamarind Seed Oil
Conventional qualities summed from the fatty-acid groups; a single-oil bar is a reference point, not a recipe.
Fatty-acid profile
| Fatty acid | Published range, % | Used | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lauric acid | C12:0 · saturated | 0–0.3 | 0.2 |
| Myristic acid | C14:0 · saturated | 0–0.2 (typical 0.2) | 0.2 |
| Palmitic acid | C16:0 · saturated | 8.7–17.4 (typical 17.4) | 17.4 |
| Stearic acid | C18:0 · saturated | 2.22–6.7 (typical 6.7) | 6.7 |
| Oleic acid | C18:1 | 14.52–19.6 (typical 19.5) | 19.5 |
| Linoleic acid | C18:2 | 42.4–61.51 (typical 42.4) | 42.4 |
| α-Linolenic acid | C18:3 n-3 | 0–5.6 | 2.8 |
| γ-Linolenic acid | C18:3 n-6 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Arachidic acid | C20:0 · saturated | 1.5–9 (typical 2.8) | 2.8 |
| Gadoleic acid | C20:1 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
| Behenic acid | C22:0 · saturated | 3.7–4 (typical 4) | 4.0 |
| Lignoceric acid | C24:0 · saturated | 4–10.8 (typical 5.5) | 5.5 |
Where these numbers come from
GLC area-% fatty acids. #12075 supplies the typicals; #21960, #10561 and #22305 the ranges; #22306 is the lignoceric-rich outlier cited in disputed. Other datasets on the page (1977 partial profile summing to 86.5 %, 2006 Nigeria with iodine value 37.5 and palmitic 27.4 %, 2010 Rajasthan in weight-%) are not used.
Table 4 fatty acids used for the ranges; Table 3 physicochemical values read and rejected (see notes).
PDF galley .../article/download/1802/2525 read; Table 1 (saponification value) and Table 2 (fatty acids) of the lignoceric-rich oil cited in disputed.
The oil of tamarind seed kernels, which hold only about 4-9 % oil. THE LITERATURE DISAGREES (see disputed). Figures follow the linoleic-rich majority, all from PlantFAdb (SOFA) unless stated, GLC area %. Typicals: dataset #12075, 'Fatty acid and sterol compositions of malagasy tamarind kernel oils' (1983; SOFA TAB_007849; six samples from Madagascar): 14:0 0.2, 15:0 0.0, 16:1 delta-7 0.3, 16:0 17.4, 17:1 0.1, 17:0 0.2, 18:3 delta-6,9,12 (gamma-linolenic) 0.1, 18:2 42.4, 18:1 19.5, 18:0 6.7, 20:1 0.9, 20:0 2.8, 21:0 0.0, 22:0 4.0, 23:0 0.0, 24:0 5.5 (total 100.1); unsaponifiable 3.1-3.9 % (hexane extract). Min/max add #21960 ('Component acids of Tamarindus indica ...', 1969; TAB_007845): 12:0 0.3, 14:0 0.2, 16:0 11.1, 18:2 55.4, 18:1 15.0, 18:0 6.6, 20:0 1.8, 22:0 3.7, 24:0 5.9, unsaponifiable 2.5 %; #10561 ('Extraction, characteristics, fatty acid composition of tamarind kernel oil', 1979; TAB_007846, India): 12:0 0.0, 14:0 0.0, 16:0 8.7, 18:3 2.8, 18:2 50.2, 18:1 19.6, 18:0 4.4, 20:0 9.0, 24:0 4.0; #22305 ('Fatty-acid composition of tamarind kernel oil', 1977; TAB_007847, India): 12:0 0.0, 14:0 0.0, 16:0 9.0, 18:3 5.6, 18:2 45.0, 18:1 19.0, 18:0 5.0, 20:0 6.2, 24:0 10.8; and Sajjad et al. 2022 (Molecules 27:3230, Table 4, Pakistan): palmitic 9.90, stearic 2.22, oleic 14.52, linoleic 61.51, eicosanoic 1.50, behenic 3.90, tetracosanoic 6.45 %. Where a dataset does not list an acid it is not counted in that acid's range; lauric and alpha-linolenic acid are not in the typical dataset and carry ranges only. C15-C17 and C21-C23 acids and 16:1 delta-7 have no key. NO SAPONIFICATION OR IODINE VALUE IS USED. Sajjad et al. print saponification number 202.7 mg KOH/g and iodine value 76 g I2/100 g, but in the same table a density of 0.840 g/cm3 and a refractive index of 1.42 that no vegetable oil has, and an iodine value their own 61.5 %-linoleic profile contradicts (it implies about 120); none of that table is used. PlantFAdb #22306 (1977, a Folch extract of kernel-meal lipids) prints saponification value 190.0 and iodine value 118.4 beside a lignoceric-rich profile (16:0 14.8, 18:0 5.9, 18:1 27.0, 18:2 7.5, 18:3 5.6, 20:0 4.5, 22:0 12.2, 24:0 22.3 %) that cannot give that iodine value (it implies about 50). Chacon-Fernandez et al. 2019 (Grasas y Aceites 70:e333, Mexico) measured saponification value 174.80 +/- 9.87 mg KOH/g on a lignoceric-rich oil (Table 2: lignoceric 20.15, oleic 18.99, palmitic 11.91, stearic 7.63, behenic 7.57, arachidic 5.33, linoleic 4.94, paullinic 4.22 %, plus oxidation products - oxo-, epoxy- and dihydroxy-acids, azelaic acid - totalling about 6 %); that value belongs to that type of oil and is not transferred. The build derives the saponification value from the typical profile (about 188). CosIng has no INCI name for tamarind seed oil (only extracts, gum and polysaccharide), so inci is null.
This record is part of the open ingredient database (ODbL). Found an error or a better primary source? The dataset is on GitHub; corrections with a document link are welcome.