Huile de foie de morue

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Fatty acids from Codex CXS 329-2017 Standard for Fish Oils (adopted 2017, amended 2021 and 2024), Table 1 (GLC ranges, percentage of total fatty acids, 'from authentic samples'), column 'Cod liver (Section 2.3.1)'. Section 3.1: oils described in Sections 2.1 and 2.3 'shall fall within the appropriate ranges specified in Table 1'. Section 2.3.1: 'Cod liver oil is derived from the liver of wild cod, Gadus morhua L and other species of Gadidae.' The column as printed: C14:0 myristic 2.0-6.0; C15:0 pentadecanoic ND-0.5; C16:0 palmitic 7.0-14.0; C16:1 (n-7) palmitoleic 4.5-11.5; C17:0 heptadecanoic NA; C18:0 stearic 1.0-4.0; C18:1 (n-7) vaccenic 2.0-7.0; C18:1 (n-9) oleic 12.0-21.0; C18:2 (n-6) linoleic 0.5-3.0; C18:3 (n-3) linolenic ND-2.0; C18:3 (n-6) gamma-linolenic NA; C18:4 (n-3) stearidonic 0.5-4.5; C20:0 arachidic NA; C20:1 (n-9) eicosenoic 5.0-17.0; C20:1 (n-11) eicosenoic 1.0-5.5; C20:4 (n-6) arachidonic ND-1.5; C20:4 (n-3) eicosatetraenoic ND-2.0; C20:5 (n-3) eicosapentaenoic 7.0-16.0; C21:5 (n-3) heneicosapentaenoic ND-1.5; C22:1 (n-9) erucic ND-1.5; C22:1 (n-11) cetoleic 5.0-12.0; C22:5 (n-3) docosapentaenoic 0.5-3.0; C22:6 (n-3) docosahexaenoic 6.0-18.0. ND = non-detectable, defined as <=0.05 %; NA = not applicable or available. 'ND-x' is stored as min 0, max x, as the CXS 210 records do (USP prints 0 as the lower limit of the same rows); the NA rows are left out, so there is no gammaLinolenic or arachidic entry. The original 2017 print (copy hosted by IFFO) has the same 23 values in this column. Isomers: oleic = C18:1 (n-9) only; gadoleic = C20:1 (n-11) only (USP names this row gadoleic acid); erucic = C22:1 (n-9) only; linolenic = C18:3 (n-3); stearidonic = C18:4 (n-3). NOT MAPPED (no schema key), as printed: gondoic acid C20:1 (n-9) 5.0-17.0; cetoleic acid C22:1 (n-11) 5.0-12.0; cis-vaccenic acid C18:1 (n-7) 2.0-7.0; EPA C20:5 (n-3) 7.0-16.0; DHA C22:6 (n-3) 6.0-18.0; DPA C22:5 (n-3) 0.5-3.0; arachidonic C20:4 (n-6) ND-1.5; eicosatetraenoic C20:4 (n-3) ND-2.0; heneicosapentaenoic C21:5 (n-3) ND-1.5; pentadecanoic C15:0 ND-0.5. At range midpoints the mapped acids total 50.75 % and the unmapped rows 52.0 % (all printed rows 102.75 %): about half of this oil is C20/C22 acids the schema has no key for, so the profile sums far below 100 % and any soap-quality figure computed from it describes only the mapped half. USP's GC text also lists 16:4 n-1, 20:1 n-7, 20:2 n-6 and 20:3 n-3 among the 24 largest methyl-ester peaks; neither document gives them a range. SAP, IODINE VALUE AND UNSAPONIFIABLE MATTER from USP32-NF27 'Cod Liver Oil' ('the partially destearinated fixed oil obtained from fresh livers of Gadus morrhua Linne and other species of Fam. Gadidae', the same material as Codex 2.3.1): saponification value between 180 and 192; iodine value between 145 and 180; unsaponifiable matter not more than 1.30 %. It also prints specific gravity 0.918-0.927; anisidine value not more than 30; an acid-value test in which 2.0 g of oil requires not more than 1.0 mL of 0.10 N sodium hydroxide; vitamin A 180-750 ug/g and vitamin D 1.5-6.25 ug/g; and a 'Nondestearinated cod liver oil' test (the oil stays clear and deposits no stearin after 3 hours in ice and water). Its Identification B fatty-acid table (area %, lower-upper) repeats the Codex column: myristic 14:0 2.0-6.0, palmitic 16:0 7.0-14.0, stearic 18:0 1.0-4.0, palmitoleic 16:1 n-7 4.5-11.5, cis-vaccenic 18:1 n-7 2.0-7.0, oleic 18:1 n-9 12.0-21.0, gadoleic 20:1 n-11 1.0-5.5, gondoic 20:1 n-9 5.0-17.0, erucic 22:1 n-9 0-1.5, cetoleic 22:1 n-11 5.0-12.0, linoleic 18:2 n-6 0.5-3.0, alpha-linolenic 18:3 n-3 0-2.0, moroctic (stearidonic) 18:4 n-3 0.5-4.5, eicosapentaenoic 20:5 n-3 7.0-16.0, docosahexaenoic 22:6 n-3 6.0-18.0. USP29-NF24 (page 581, official 2007-01-01) prints the same numbers; its mirror page shows a Gamma glyph before '-Linolenic acid' on the 18:3 n-3 row where USP32 shows alpha, and the mapping follows the 18:3 n-3 shorthand. JP XVIII 'Cod Liver Oil' covers the Pacific material, 'the fatty oils obtained from fresh livers and pyloric appendages of Gadus macrocephalus Tilesius or Theragra chalcogramma Pallas (Gadidae)': specific gravity d20/20 0.918-0.928, acid value not more than 1.7, saponification value 180-192, unsaponifiable matter not more than 3.0 %, iodine value 130-170, vitamin A 2000-5000 Vitamin A Units per g; no fatty-acid composition. It agrees with USP on the saponification value; its iodine band and unsaponifiable limit are not used because the fatty acids describe the Codex/USP material. Codex CXS 329 prints no saponification value, iodine value or unsaponifiable matter; its limits are acid value <= 3 mg KOH/g, peroxide value <= 5 meq active oxygen/kg, anisidine value <= 20 and ToTox <= 26 (Section 3.3.1), and for fish liver oils vitamin A >= 40 ug retinol equivalents/ml and vitamin D >= 1.0 ug/ml (Section 3.4). meltingPointC is null: none of the three documents prints a melting point. Consistency: the mapped acids alone, renormalised, imply about 198 mg KOH/g, 6 % above the published midpoint of 186, because the unmapped C20/C22 acids are heavier than the mapped ones; all printed rows at their midpoints imply about 183, within 2 %. INCI, CAS and EC are CosIng's entry for Cod Liver Oil, which it defines as the fixed oil expressed from the fresh livers of Gadus morrhua and other Gadidae species; CosIng lists no saponified name for it.

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